Resources

Work such as: buildings, roads, bridges, tunnels and slope coverings – amongst others, require great amounts of natural materials for their construction. The excessive use of these materials has caused diminishment of the sources that produce them. Additionally, reconstruction, keeping and improvement of works produce great amount of waste materials....

Today, less than 15% of the National Highway System in the United States is comprised of concrete pavement (FHWA, 2007). However, in 1956, at the beginning of the interstate era, the vast majority of primary US routes were concrete roads. Why this significant change in pavement type selected? This paper...

Concrete pavements are recycled for paving applications in at least 41 U.S. states and production of recycled concrete aggregate (RCA) in the U.S. currently averages about 140 million tons (127 million metric tons) per year. The primary application of RCA has been subbase materials, but it also has been used...

In 2006, a group of highway agency and paving industry representatives from the USA visited Europe in search of current practices for the design, construction, maintenance, and rehabilitation of concrete pavements. In every country visited, examples of exposed aggregate concrete were demonstrated. While not a new discovery, the discussions did...

In 2004 the ACPA, PCA, and IGGA cooperated in a research effort at Purdue University’s Herrick Laboratories. The laboratory’s Tire Pavement Test Apparatus (TPTA) is capable of testing any texture design and is not constrained by construction capabilities or costs associated with field test section construction and evaluation. The research...

This paper reports about the results of test sections on a concrete cycle track, where natural aggregates were replaced by selected crushed concrete. The test sections were built in 2006 and monitored directly after the winter periods. In the three tested concrete mixes respectively 50% and 100% of the course...

Resistance to freeze-thaw cycles is an important factor for the durability of concrete roads and structures in an outdoor environment. In many European countries, current national standards for concrete exposed to frost are limited to the composition of the mixture: minimum cement content, maximum water-cement ratio, and in some cases...

In this paper is given overview of mineral additives that are used to improve mechanical and durability properties of concrete used in concrete pavements. Use of mineral additives is possible in two different ways, as a cement additive during production and as a concrete additive during preparation. Mineral additives analyzed...

The AP-4 motorway connecting Seville with Cadiz in southern Spain was opened to traffic in 1971. About half its length has a concrete pavement designed in accordance with the Californian approach prevailing at that period (plain concrete pavement with undowelled joints, on a cement treated base). Pavements with asphalt concrete...

World’s and domestic experiences in constructing cement concrete pavements confirm that the concrete resistance to the action of frost and de-icing agents depends on the content of the conventially-closed air voids in hardened concrete. In Russia the requirements for the content of the air voids in hardened concrete based on...

Block or slab pavements with concrete or natural stones are mainly used for communal areas, where a variety in creation is welcome, but also the lifespan of the pavement is very important. At pedestrian precincts, which are also trafficked by trucks, often high vertical and horizontal loads occur. If the...

In this paper, the economic analysis has been done on both flexible and rigid pavements. These cost analyses play a great role on the decision-making stages in selection of pavement types. In this analysis initial cost of rigid and flexible pavements have been determined for both flexible pavements and rigid...